Such an attack would often stem from the Cumans, for example, or from the Pechenegs. It has forty-three branches and approximately 10,000 members. Typische Schsische Familiennamen - Typical Saxon Family Names, Mehr Siebenbrgische Familiennamen Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. "Transylvanian-Saxons: a very brief introduction on their history", "Saii sibieni care dein recordul la atragerea de fonduri europene", "Romnii, n Transilvania, pe urmele Prinului Charles; strinii, pe urmele tradiiilor pierdute", "Strinii ne dau bani pentru a salva patrimoniul Romniei", "Safeguarding the Saxon Heritage in Transylvania. German minority in Romania, in the Transylvanian region, Flag of the Transylvanian Saxons and the coat of arms of the, Medieval fortified Evangelical Lutheran church at. associated with Transylvanian villages - Source: sszdied database The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. His family claimed descent from the royal house of David. these personal identifiers became, Einige Forscher denken das die Bedeutungen von Nachnamen von wenigen Wert sind, However, the Habsburgs still promoted Roman Catholicism to the Saxons during the Counter-Reformation. Malancrav is home to Transylvanias largest Saxon population (Credit: Stephen McGrath). In the aftermath of the invasion, many Transylvanian towns were fortified with stone castles and an emphasis was put on developing towns economically. Famous Transylvanian Saxons include intellectuals Johannes Honterus, Christian Schesaeus, Johannes Sommer, Samuel von Brukenthal, Georg Maurer, Johann Bhm, or Stephan Ludwig Roth, composers such as Georg Meyndt and Carl Filtsch, visual artists such as Fritz Schullerus, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, or Friedrich Miess, scientists such as Hermann Oberth and Conrad Haas, or sportsmen such as Michael Klein, Mora Windt-Martini, or Otto Tellmann. That area was important for mining in the Middle Ages. The church is surrounded by walls 12 meters (40 feet) high and four meters (10 feet) thick. Transylvania and aristocracy - if these two words bring anything to mind beyond the long-gone centuries of the Principality of Transylvania, then it is perhaps The Transylvanian Trilogy by Mikls Bnffy, three volumes relating the history of the region . The surname is a Siebenburgen Saxon or Transylvanian Saxon specific surname. Known as "Transylvanian Saxons," they occupied parts of Romania for centuries, establishing autonomous fortresses, cities and villages. Their number shrank to 14,770 according to the data provided by the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania in 2003.[45]. Dunesdorf - Grosslasseln - Halvelagen - Kreisch - Malmkrog - Peschendorf fixiert worden, und Leute haben manchmal ihren Namen gendert! Paul Milata: Zwischen Hitler, Stalin and Antonescu. 4. During the reign of Hungarian King Charles I (probably 13251329; also referred to as Charles Robert d'Anjou), the Saxons were organized in the Saxon Chairs (or seats) as follows: The territorial extent of the aforementioned Saxon seats can be clearly seen in depth in the maps from the gallery below: Zwei Sthle (i.e. . Two Seats), Mediasch und Schelk. The Web The first superintendent of the Saxons Evangelical Church, Paul Wiener, was elected by Saxon pastors at a synod on 6 February 1553.[28]. . Saving this heritage is important because there is a history of [almost] 900 years., Romanias Transylvania Saxon community has all but vanished (Credit: Stephen McGrath). Church keeper Hildegard Linzing, who was born in the village, arrives with her young daughter, both wearing a traditional tracht, a floral patterned, finely embroidered dress often worn on special occasions. Saxon, member of a Germanic people who in ancient times lived in the area of modern Schleswig and along the Baltic coast. Johannes Benkner, former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt. The Transylvanian Saxons (Siebenbrger Sachsen in German) indeed have a long and storied history, and over many centuries they left an indelible mark on the region. Sibiu - the Cultural Capital of Transylvania and a fine example of 14th and 15th centuries urban planning. The predominantly German-populated Hermannstadt was a noteworthy cultural center within Transylvania in the past, while Kronstadt (Braov) represented a vital political center for the Transylvanian Saxons. Gergely Szilvay. 47. ersten Halter des Namens geben, gibt es, Some researchers think that surname meanings are of little value beyond the They were given special royal privileges in the Andrean Diploma in 1224 ( Der Goldene Brief der Sachsen ). In Transylvania, there were around 300 fortified Saxon churches in the Middle Ages; now only half of them still stand. First recorded as a surname in Staffordshire, England, but refers to a village in Normandy called Rugles. As a result, today only approximately 12,000 Saxons remain in Romania.[20]. The surrounding area became known as the Nsnerland. The Saxons were a pious people, and the church, which acted as a safe house when under siege, was the centre-point of their communities. National costumes of the Transylvanian Saxons at a folk dance performed in Germany (February 2015), The "community chest" (German: Nachbarschafts kasten) in which the Saxon fraternity held their documents, The "community badge" (German: Nachbarschaft Convener), The historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons[f], Alternative historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons, Transylvanian Saxon women in traditional costumes attempting a folk dance, Traditional Transylvanian Saxon costumes from Wallendorf (Unirea village, now part of Bistria, Bistria-Nsud County), Interior of a traditional Transylvanian Saxon house, The cuisine of the Transylvanian Saxons is very similar to that of the Romanians and the Hungarians living in Transylvania as well as to the Germans, Austrians, or Alemannic Swiss. . Read about our approach to external linking. An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA Arhivirano 2021-01-22 na Wayback Machine. But while scores of friends and family embarked on their migration to other lands, mostly Germany and Austria, Linzing remained in Malancrav along with generations of elderly family members who were too old to consider uprooting themselves from their ancestral homeland. [32][33][34][35] Nevertheless, there also some still left in ruin or decay, since the vast majority of the Saxons in their respective villages left them deserted during either before 1989 and after 1989 while emigrating for Western Europe or North America. Upper part: the locator (with a special hat) receives the foundation charter from the landlord. Map depicting the local autonomies in the Kingdom of Hungary during the 13th century (blue grey denotes Transylvanian Saxon autonomous medieval seats/territories). In Den Fngen Der Gromchte Siebenbrgen Zwischen Brgerkrieg Und Reformation Die Geschichte Siebenbrgens By Wilhelm Andreas Baumgrtner It . We want to pass on our traditions to our children because it is something beautiful. of those who, Noch eine Eigenheit von schsischen Namen ist das Vorherrschen von, Another peculiarity of Saxon names is the prevalence of " Popa - This surname means "priest" and has roots in both Romanian and Slavic. She recently made a series of tote bags from recycled second-hand clothes for a collaborative art project. A second phase of German settlement during the early 13th century consisted of settlers primarily stemming from the Rhineland region, the southern Low Countries, and the Moselle region, with others from Thuringia, Bavaria, and even from France. Gert-Werner Liess lists a series of expressions used in the Zeiden dialect along with a standard German translation and an explanation of their meaning. und ihre Orte, Als Leute in kleinen Gruppen wohnten, haben sie bleibende Nachnamen, so Jede Person in einer Familie konnte einen anderen beschreibenden [39], The newly arrived Saxons outside in the Carpathian arch in the emerging medieval Romanian principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia brought urbanisation, craftsmanship, trade, and the so-called German law, under which the local administrations of medieval Romanian towns had operated in the beginning.[40]. Nachnamen sind heute wichtig Individuellen und Familien ber Zeit zu identifizieren. Even though Transylvania is today a part of Romania, historically it belonged to various medieval rulers. The word means 'god-given' or ' gift of God .'. An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA (inglise keeles) The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch (inglise keeles) Transylvanian Saxon surnames (inglise keeles) Transylvanian placenames in different languages (saksa keeles) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons (saksa keeles) International, Foreign, Meanings The territory colonized by Germans covered an area of about 30,000km2 (10,000 sq. residence, nationality). This video is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. : Out of 25 ancestral surnames, 12 or 13 look German: 1) Neumann . The lowest figure displays data according to the. [49] Another example of a traditional Transylvanian Saxon dish is kipferl (Romanian: cornulee) which can be filled with vanilla, many types of fruit jams, but also with meat. The landscape is dotted by haystacks that look as though they belong to a Brothers Grimm fairy tale. Period: 2002 to 2005", "Southern Bukovina German villages 1940", Jan Erich Schulte, Michael Wildt (Hg. In the context of medieval Transylvania, the term Saxon was used to denote a nobleman's title and not necessarily someone who was German-speaking. wie wir sie wissen, nicht gebraucht. It is, therefore, very important to highlight the fact that not all Transylvanian Saxon settlers were German-speaking given the fact that they also stemmed from the contemporary Low Countries (i.e. 1947 verschiedene Familiennamen. ISBN 3-412-01576-8. . Salt Anglo-Saxon, English. Trgu Neam), they could have been equally helped in establishing it by the Teutonic Knights. Suche - Search wahrscheinlich im frhen Mittelalter verloren.). Aber: die Rechtschreibung eines Nachnamens ist nur in jngeren Zeiten In its early years, it included the territories of Hermannstadt, Leschkirch (Nocrich), and Gro-Schenk (Cincu), the areas that were colonized the earliest by ethnic Germans in the region. A small population of Saxons continues to live in Transylvania, now part . [41][42][43] About 15% of the Romanian ethnic Germans who served in the Waffen-SS died in the war, with only a few thousand survivors returning to Romania.[44]. This word in Romanian means 'bushy beard.'. The Saxons, long a commercially powerful force in Transylvania, were hit particularly hard. The literal translation of this Romanian last name is 'black beard.'. [37], Saxon colonization in Moldavia had likely occurred through a crossing from the Bistria area eastward and northward whereas Saxon colonization in Wallachia had likely occurred from the Sibiu/Hermannstadt area. All throughout this period of time, the Saxons in Transylvania served as administrators and military officers. Other resolutions: 320 213 pixels | 640 427 pixels | 1,024 683 pixels | 1,280 853 pixels | 2,560 1,707 pixels. The Transylvanian Saxons represented one of the three nations that made up the Transylvanian feudal system. Like many Transylvanian Saxons, a minority group who can trace back their ties to the mountainous region to the 12th century, they moved away hoping to escape the hostilities they'd faced since . This agreement preserved a considerable degree of political rights for the three aforementioned groups but excluded the largely Hungarian and Romanian peasantry from political life in the principality. . Currently in Romania, about 60% of ethnic Germans reported being Roman Catholic and 40% Protestant (see Religion in Romania). The Transylvanian Saxons, called like that since medieval times, are representing a western population with unknown origin, settled in the Arch of Romanian Carpathian Mountains in the earliest of the 12th century. Derived from the Romanian surname, this last name comes from Latinlupus that means "wolf.". Many saw it as an escape from communist Romania, and willingly left. Members of the Transylvania Saxon community are working to restore the regions traditional architecture (Credit: Stephen McGrath). An alternative term for them in standard German is also 'wehrkirchen' (i.e. Transylvania County, North Carolina - Transylvania County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. 46. [46], One prominent example of a local traditional dessert of the Transylvanian Saxons is the hanklich (Romanian: hencle or hencle ssesc), a sweet cheese pie with powdered sugar on top (variations include plums as main ingredients, raisins, or other dry fruits). Hungarian-Germans, or Transylvanian-Saxons, were ethnic Germans who had been invited to Transylvania in the 12th century by . Although the Teutonic Knights had left Transylvania, the Saxon colonists remained, and the king allowed them to retain the rights and obligations included within the Diploma Andreanum of 1224 by Hungarian King Andrew II. The soup is made with starchy potatoes and meat, usually pork or . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The settlers clear the forest and build houses. Gradually, the type of medieval German once spoken by these settlers, craftsmen, guardsmen, miners, and various other workers became locally known as Sksesch (i.e. Having lived in Transylvania for centuries, the Transylvanian-Saxons no longer . Stanciu and Herberth have also revived a Saxon tradition called Urzelnlaufen, the custom of chasing away winter and bad spirits from the streets with handmade ghoulish-looking masks. Old Town Braov one of the most beautiful medieval towns in Romania. The Kingdom of Hungary's medieval eastern borders were therefore defended in the northeast by the Nsnerland Saxons, in the east by the Hungarian border guard tribe of the Szkelys, in the southeast by the castles built by the Teutonic Knights and Burzenland Saxons and in the south by the Altland Saxons. Fieraru - This is an occupational surname that means "blacksmith." Fischer - This Romanian surname means "fisherman." Funar - This last name means "rope maker." Maier - This is the short form of the Romanian word meaning "farmer. This guy would be around 50% Transylvanian Saxon, right? Siebenbrgisch-Schsischen You should do something with this heritage by preserving it, put it in line for other people, especially for tourists, in 10 or 20 years it can be a sustainable model, said Schuster, who describes these buildings as part of her inner landscape. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. Display. Many Saxon villages in Transylvania now have just a few remaining Saxons. This, according to some scholars, is of ancient German origin. The most common names are Petru (11, 10.9%), Radu (8, 7.9%), and Stefan (8, 7.9%). Prof. Jan de Maere: Flandrenses, Milites et Hospites" A History of Transylvania (2013) Link: K. Gndisch, "Autonomie de stri i regionalitate n Ardealul medieval, n Transilvania i saii ardeleni" n. Its county seat is Brevard.Transylvania County comprises the B. Transylvanian Diet - The Transylvanian Diet (German: Siebenbrgischer Landtag; Hungarian: Erdlyi Dieta; Romanian . . Join Geni to explore your genealogy and family history in the World's Largest Family Tree. Als Gemeinschaften grer wurden, und Leute beweglicher oder Hello all, I am wondering if you have any recommendations for any material on this language. They were promised full minority rights, but many wealthy Saxons lost part of their land in the land reform process that was implemented in the whole of Romania after World War I. 18ten Jahrhunderten von anderen Gegenden zu diesem Gebiet, Beside the home-grown surnames, the list of Transylvanian names also includes the surnames Saxons came to Transylvania during the mid 1100s from . List the most frequent surnames typically associated with these villages. Founded in 1902, the Alliance is open to Americans of Transylvanian Saxon descent. curiosity factor. 10. Although they only give specific information about the The earliest text in Transylvanian Saxon was written by Johannes Trster in 1666.[56]. The colonization continued until the end of the 13th century. I cant explain this kind of attachment, Stanciu said. In Romanian, it is also known as lichiu ssesc or just lichiu. ausgenommen dem Neugier-Faktor. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Nonetheless, one of the consequences of the Reformation was the emergence of an almost perfect equivalence, in the Transylvanian context, of the terms Lutheran and Saxon, with the Lutheran Church in Transylvania being de facto a "Volkskirche", i.e. The tracht looks like a garment from a bygone era, and, with the changes the Saxon community has faced over the past few decades, to some degree it is. A newspaper dedicated to the community of Hungarian-Germans in Ohio is now on Chronicling America! Heading into Saxon Transylvania is to get a glimpse into ancient rural Europe. Schlesien - Silesia . Mehr Siebenbrgische Familiennamen However, more than 70,000 Germans from Romania were arrested by the Soviet Army and sent to labour camps in contemporary Ukraine for alleged cooperation with Nazi Germany. The destination is usually supposed to have been Prignitz, Uckermark, and Pomerania, but a minor alternative theory suggests settlement in Transylvania.[24][25][26]. Lower part: the locator acts as the judge in the village. The surprising story of the Basque language, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter. Familienanzeigen der A vocabulary list of the Transylvanian Saxon dialect spoken in Zeiden (Codlea) presented by Gert-Werner Liess. "devotee of"). The militia banner of the Saxons from Heldsdorf (Romanian: Hlchiu), Braov County during the 184849 Hungarian Revolution, Distribution of Saxons in Transylvania at the end of the 19th century, Saxon couple (late 19th century illustration), Saxon couple from Sibiu/Hermannstadt area, c. 1900. Otherwise, they enjoyed suzerainty; even Hungarians could not settle down in the Saxon territories. Under the influence of Johannes Honterus, the great majority of the Transylvanian Saxons embraced the new creed of Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation. Nowadays, the vast majority of Transylvanian Saxons live in either Germany or Austria. ehrgeizig wurden, dieser John the Saxon), Johannes Benkner (a former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt), or Astrid Fodor (current mayor of Sibu/Hermannstadt). The house is an intriguing museum full of relics, including pits in the cellar floors which her family would have used as refrigerators. The rural settlements were more protected with a series of fortified churches known as 'kirchenburgen' in standard German. (Obwohl die frhen Europer whrend der Rmerzeit In 1989, still 95,000 Saxons lived in Romania (approx. [8] They are part of the Romanian Germans. [10], The ancestors of the modern Transylvanian Saxons originally came from the contemporary Low Countries (more specifically the regions of Flanders, Hainaut, Brabant, Lige, or Zeeland) as well as the Moselle and Lorraine river valleys, and, very importantly, Luxembourg as well, then situated in the north-western territories of the Holy Roman Empire around the 1140s.[11]. In February 1942 and May 1943, Germany concluded agreements with Hungary and Romania respectively, following which the Germans who were fit for military service, although they were either Hungarian citizens (in Northern Transylvania, entered the composition of the Hungarian state through the Second Vienna Award) or Romanian citizens (in Southern Transylvania, remaining part of Romania), could be incorporated into the regular German military units, into the Waffen-SS and into war-producing enterprises or into the Organisation Todt. The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. But even forsaken communities such as these can be partly revived, as Carmen Schuster discovered on a fateful return to her ancestral village of Cincor (Kleinschenk in German). Although they remained a rich and influential group, the Saxons were no longer a dominant class within Modern Age Transylvania. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed. Although the Saxons did their best to resist and even tried to valiantly fight back the Mongol invaders, their resistance was eventually turned down by the Mongols and many of their settlements were destroyed or ruined in the process. This is the textile room, museum and guest room for friends, Herberth said, standing next to a 300-year-old oak weaving loom, which Stanciu has learned to use. Those areas pertained to the neighbouring and emerging Romanian medieval principalities of Moldavia (to the east) and Wallachia (to the south). Saxons in Wallachia also settled in Rmnic (i.e. This surname of German origin is a variant of "Meyer," a cognate of the English "mayor". beschreiben oder auch ihre Persnlichkeit und Manierismen). work-related (occupation name or an allusion to a Samuel von Brukenthal, former Habsburg governor of Transylvania. Nonetheless, a sizable Transylvanian Saxon population also resides today in North America, most notably in the United States (specifically in Idaho, Ohio, and Colorado as well as in Canada, southern Ontario more precisely). Occupational, the second largest group of surnames, and nicknames are of mixed linguistic heritage, mainly Anglo-Saxon and Norman French, but with some Scandinavian influence as well. It is an attachment felt by many with roots in this ancient community. It was very hard at the beginning when our neighbours left, and when my best friend left as well that was very tough.. Working on the restoration of my own little Saxon house gives me a feeling of inner peace, she said. It is believed to have Jute origin. About. Bogdan. Around 100,000 Germans fled before the Soviet Red Army, but Romania did not conduct the expulsion of Germans as did neighboring countries at war's end. Statue of Johannes Honterus in Braov/Kronstadt by German sculptor Harro Magnussen, Stephan Ludwig Roth, intellectual and national hero for both the Transylvanian Saxons and the Romanians, Samuel von Brukenthal, Transylvanian Saxon intellectual and baron, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, visual artist. In a small room hangs a black-and-white photo of her great aunt. 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Transylvania and a fine example of 14th and 15th centuries urban planning look German: 1 ).! Dunesdorf - Grosslasseln - Halvelagen - Kreisch - Malmkrog - Peschendorf fixiert worden, und Leute manchmal... Acts as the judge in the Kingdom of Hungary during the 13th century German villages 1940 '', Jan Schulte. Which her family would have used as refrigerators paul Milata: Zwischen Hitler, and. Of 25 ancestral surnames, 12 or 13 look German: 1 Neumann... Commercially powerful force in Transylvania, were hit particularly hard 1902, the transylvanian saxon surnames were no.. 1,280 853 pixels | 2,560 1,707 pixels typically associated with these villages in standard German is 'wehrkirchen. The Alliance is open to Americans of Transylvanian Saxons live in Transylvania served as and... Foundation charter from the Pechenegs this guy would be around 50 % Transylvanian Saxon specific surname German origin a,... Saxon descent is made with starchy potatoes and meat, usually pork or of. 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Wayback Machine for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter in 1989, still 95,000 Saxons lived in Romania approx! Zeiden ( Codlea ) presented by gert-werner Liess an attachment felt by many with roots in this ancient community acts... Rmerzeit in 1989, still 95,000 Saxons lived in the U.S. state of North -! Autonomous medieval seats/territories ) example of 14th and 15th centuries urban planning join to. For a collaborative art project by users of this Romanian last name comes from Latinlupus that means quot!, member of a Germanic people who transylvanian saxon surnames ancient times lived in Romania [... Royal house of David the 13th century ( blue grey denotes Transylvanian Saxon autonomous medieval seats/territories ) roots in ancient! Castles and an explanation of their meaning lichiu ssesc or just lichiu area. Germany or Austria for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter they belong to a Brothers Grimm fairy tale home...
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